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Human Heart Anatomy
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0:01
hey this is lesie saml from interactive biology TV where we're making biology fun and in this video I'm going to be talking about the anatomy of the human heart so let's get right into it I'm looking at a picture of the human heart right now and in this human heart of course we've cut it open so that you can see the internal anatomy and we're going to divide this into the right and left side uh so this side here is the right side of the heart and this side over
0:28
here that's your left side of the heart it might seem a little strange because you're looking at it and it seems like um this side is left to you and this side is right but if this heart is in an individual and the individual is facing you then this is right side and this is left side so that's how I want you to picture it now first thing I want to look at are are is the the chambers of the heart we have four chambers and those four chambers will be our right
0:57
atrium which is this first chamber here on the right right side and then we have our right ventricle we have our left atrium and our left ventricle so these are the four chambers the four rooms and these are the rooms where the blood is going to be flowing through inside the heart now between the chambers and also leaving from some of the chambers we're going to have valves okay so these are things that can open and close to allow blood to flow so let's talk about those
1:28
valves the first two valves that I want to talk about are the atrio ventricular valves now the naming of those valves tells you exactly where they are they're between the Atria and the ventricles so on the right side we're going to have our right atrio ventricular valve which is also called your tricuspid valve and the reason why it's called tricuspid valve is because when we look at the flaps of the valve we actually have three of those flaps or we call them three cusps all right so that is the
2:01
tricuspid valve or the right atrio ventricular valve then on the left side we have our left atrio ventricular valve and this one has more names okay so we have left atrio ventricular valve we have bicuspid valve and you should probably know what that means it has those two flaps instead of three um so that's a bicuspid valve or the mital valve all right so those are the three names for this valve on the left between the left atrium and the left ventricle now when we leave these ventricles we're
2:37
going into different structures so we're going to have some other valves that we need to know about and those valves are on the left side we have the aortic valve and that is what is between the left ventricle and the aorta which is this large vessel that's leaving from the left side of the heart from the left ventricle so right in between between those two structures we have this aortic valve and then on the right side leaving from the the right ventricle we have our
3:11
pulmonary valve and that should tell you where the blood is going right it's going to the lungs now these two lungs or I should mention really quick that this is your pulmonary trunk and we're going to talk about that in a little bit um but these valves are also considered semil lunar valves so when you hear them refer to when you hear someone refer to the semi lunar valves you know they are referring to either the pulmonary valve on the right side going to the lungs and
3:39
we have our aortic valve on the left side going to or leading to the aorta so these are our four valves now let's talk about getting into and out of the heart how do we do that well we have a number of vessels the first vessel I want you to know about is the vinaa we have the super ior and the inferior venina Cava and these are coming back to the heart we have blood that's coming from the rest of the body and it's coming back to the heart via these superior vena cava
4:13
then we have the pulmonary trunk and we just mentioned that briefly um the pulmonary trunk we've gone through our pulmonary Valves and now we are in our pulmonary trunk and this trunk actually divides into our left and right pulmonary arteries and you know where those are going they're going to the lungs all right so that's our pulmonary arteries and then we have our pulmonary veins and you can see we have them on the left side over here and we have them on the right side over here these are
4:49
our pulmonary veins and these are coming back to the left atrium all right so those are our vessels coming into and out of the heart now we need to talk about a few other things number one we have our SEPTA U we have the interventricular septum that word septum all it means is a wall right and we have a wall in between the left and the right ventricle so we call that our interventricular septum we also have a a wall between the left and right atrium Atria but you can't see that here
5:32
because it's kind of Behind these um other vessels um but just know that you have just like you have this wall between the left and right ventricle you have a wall between the left and right Atria and that is appropriately named the interatrial septum now when most people talk about the anatomy of the heart that's where they stop but I want to give you a little bit more information then you might not get that you might not get in your anatomy class so this you know you might be able to impress
6:03
your teacher with this one and that is looking at this structure now you can see we're seeing a little more detail inside the ventricles than we normally see more than we were seeing in the previous image and this is often left out of many pictures of the internal anatomy of the human heart and the structures that you're seeing here number one are your cord a tendon now these are kind of like cordlike tendons hence the name Cordon cord tendon um it's a connective tissue structure and
6:36
you can see here that they are connecting the valves so this is my right atrio ventricular valve and it's connecting those valv to a structure that's lower down here and this this structure that we're looking at here these structures are our papillary muscles and what happens is when we look at the walls of The ventricle we see that there are projections little muscular projections and then we have a bunch of these cords that are attaching the valves to those projections and if
7:10
you think about what's happening in the heart um when the ventricles contract we have our valve so this is our atrio ventricular valve and let's say we're looking at the one on the right side all right when the ventricles contract what's going to happen is those valves are going to close because you're you're applying pressure to to those valves when the ventricles are contract and you want those valves to close so that if they're closing on the uh between the
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Atria and the ventricles so that the blood can flow in One Direction and that in this case on the right side is into the pulmonary arteries now if we didn't have these cordate tendon cordate tendon that are anchoring those valves to the papillary muscles of the ventric the walls of the ventricles what would happen is when it contracts it would go like this and that's not good because what's going to happen the blood is going to go into my Atrium and we don't want it to
8:09
flow back all right so we have the cord tendon attached to the to to the um the valve so that when the ventricles contract it's going to close but you're not going to get any back flow so that's pretty much it that's my Advanced tidbit I hope you got some value from that and if you like this video go ahead and like this video click on the Thumbs Up Button below and if you'd like to subscribe to this channel no of course you want to subscribe to this channel so that you
8:36
can get more biology awesomeness uh you can do that by just clicking on this subscribe button right now and hey I didn't tell you about my study guide what's going on if you want my amazing interactive physiology study guide called human physiology for regular people go ahead and click here or on this link below interative - biology.com slout and you're going to get access to this free study guide It's interactive it's fun you're going to get videos you're going to get content you're going
9:11
to love it so that's pretty much it for this video until next time I'll see you in the next
9:27
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