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0:09
Hello, learners and coders, my name is Shawn and welcome to the Coding With Shawn channel.
0:15
In this lesson we will have an introduction to operating systems. Before we do get started, let me tell you how we're going to work this lesson. First of all, we're going to go into each major operating system that is used very widely in today's world, and after that we're going to cover operating systems as a whole. And by the end of this lesson, you'll have a good idea of what operating systems are. And if you are one of the people want
0:41
a program using my channel, you will hopefully have an idea of what operating system you want to use while coding.
0:48
So I hope you enjoy the video and let's hop into it.
0:58
OK, guys, so before we actually do get into it, I do want to say that, of course, I did not do this alone. I did research a lot before actually doing this. And so the sources that I did use are all in this group are in the description box below. And at the end of this video, I will show them on the screen. So if you are one of the curious people who do want to see the sources, then, yeah, those are there. So, yeah, let's go and get started. So there are five major,
1:22
major operating systems that are used today in smartphones and computers. The ones that are most commonly used in computers are Windows maquilas and Linux. I said those in the order that they are most commonly used Windows is the most common Mickolus following close behind and Linux being in third. So for smartphones, the two major operating systems, which you probably already heard of, are iOS and Android. You've almost certainly heard of them and you probably use them too.
1:54
So there is a fifth operating system on the screen or excuse me, there is a six operating system on the screen that you can probably see and that is a security OS. A lot of you guys are probably going to say security OS. What is that? Yeah, that is definitely one of the least common known operating systems that are on the screen right now. And the parent security OS is definitely more secure than any of the operating systems that are on the left of it. But it is still very, very.
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Closed and not open source, and very, very few people actually want to use it because of how inefficient it truly is, but it is still a good operating system nonetheless, if you are more concerned about security than actual performance and compatibility.
2:36
Let's go ahead and get started on our major operating systems in which the first is Linux. So Linux is a family of open source Unix Unix like operating systems that are based on the Linux kernel. I'm sure you guys have heard about the Linux terminal before. It's very, very famous and a lot of people do actually use it when they program. But I wouldn't actually recommend it for beginners when they're coding because it is a little bit more complicated than the Windows or the Mac os.
3:03
Col's to the founder of Linux is Linus Torvalds. It was founded September 17th. Nineteen ninety one. The user LAN is Jianyu. It was written in the C programming language, which is one of the oldest widely used programming languages today. And as for the variety of Linux, there are many varieties. They are more or less pretty similar and the kernel itself is the Unix, Shell and Augean.
3:29
I'm living on this one I think we've all heard of, and you're probably watching this on this operating system to Windows, it is a group of several proprietary graphical operating system families, all of which are developed and marketed by Microsoft Corp. to the founder was Microsoft Corp. And we all know the founder of Microsoft Corporation, Bill Gates and Microsoft Corporation was not actually alone in developing this. Some of its subsidiaries, like One Drive, also did it.
3:57
And in case you didn't know, subsidiaries of Microsoft generally have their own CEOs. So the CEO Microsoft may still have a lot of control and a subsidiary like one drive, but he's not the actually actual CEO of Shawn Drive. So that may be a little complicated and I probably will make a separate episode about that. But other than that, it is pretty similar. And Microsoft Corporation has full control over all Windows appliances. So this was founded in November 20th,
4:23
nineteen eighty five, making it one of the first operating systems to ever be made. And user land is I 830 to the X eighty six sixty four arm in arm sixty four. It was written in far more languages including C++, C Sharp, JavaScript, visual, basic and C and for the variety of Windows there are many varieties. They are still very similar and the kernel is Windows nte or Windows c if you d if you do see the bottom of your screen, that little white thing,
4:53
that is the monolithic kernel which is most MSDOS for Windows NYNEX. And earlier, especially in these days, you almost certainly never see a computer that is Windows my next or earlier, and you'll certainly not work on those because those are very old and they are by no means compatible with today's software and today's speed.
5:11
So next up is, which is the second most populated or most popular operating system in the world, and it is a series of proprietary graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Apple Inc. since 2001. So this is definitely one of the newer operating systems. And considering how popular it is, you have to respect how fast Apple and Mac OS went into power. It is very incredible and it is also a pretty good operating system. So the founder, of course, is Apple Inc.
5:41
It was founded March 24th, 2001. The User Land is Next Step BSD and Mark, it was written in C, C++, Objective C Swift and the assembly language and the variety of it. There are many varieties. They are very, very similar and the kernel is hybrid or Z, X and user. So the next operating system is a smartphone operating system, iOS. You've certainly heard of this and a lot of people actually use it and it will definitely it was definitely one of the most popular operating systems in the world.
6:13
Android does have a higher market share than it. But again, this is way more popular in the United States of America. So iOS is a mobile operating system created and developed by Apple Inc. exclusively for its hardware. These are the iPhones, the iPads and some other things that are more minor. Of course, my Apple watches because those I believe are watching us. And again, the founders, Apple Inc. It was founded June twenty nine, 2007. So this is an extremely new operating system for smartphone.
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And considering how fast it has risen to power, you have to give Apple credit for making their operating systems grow so fast into power. It is truly incredible. So there are a lot of user Linn's I don't want to read about right now. So go ahead and take a moment to read those positive video.
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OK, so it was written in C, C++, A.S., Swift and the assembly language, and so they're pretty much the same languages that Makela friends are in and it's just a little different. And for the variety, there are many varieties of it. They are also very, very similar. And the kernel is X and you.
7:19
OK, so next up, we have enjoyed before we actually do get into the specifics of ANDRED, I do want to add that Android and iOS together make up over ninety eight percent of the mobile OS market share. So these are the true beasts of the market. Android itself makes eighty seven percent of the market in iOS makes roughly twenty two percent. These are the true best, especially Android. So let's go and get started with the specifics of Android. Android is a mobile operating system based
7:50
on a modified version of the Linux kernel and other open source software designed primarily for touchscreen mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.
7:59
So the founders are various, but they are mostly Google and the Open Alliance. So all you really need to know is the anger just learned by Google, because more almost all of Android is owned by Google and was created by Google. Open it. Open Handset Alliance really doesn't have much more than financial contributions. So it was founded on September twenty third to designate, which is interesting because that is actually after iOS was formed, which is very, very special because Google
8:25
has a knack for forming things before other people do. But in this case they were behind and the user land is sixty two and sixty four point thirty two and sixty four BRM actually eighty six and eighty six. Sixty four was written in a lot of programming languages including Java, C, C++, XML, the assembly language, Python Shell script, go Mark and the variety. There are many, they are definitely not similar if you ever compared to Android phones. They're very very not similar other than
8:57
the fact that they have basic Google Apps, just YouTube, Google Play, Gmail, etc. etc. . The kernel of course are modified Linux kernels. And again, this is where Linux kernel comes in. Linux is incredibly useful, incredibly powerful, but it is not good for beginners, for beginning, for beginners. I would probably recommend the Windows or Mac os kurnos because those are a lot easier to operate. OK, so let's go ahead and get into operating systems as a whole. So what are operating systems?
9:26
So an operating system acts as an or the intermediary between the utilization of a computer and the actual computer hardware. The use of an operating system is to provide a way for users to use the computer hardware in an efficient manner. So think of this as a metaphor. Let's think of this in a metaphorical way. So think of the actual operating system as a translator. So you're talking to someone in a country where they don't speak the same language as you, like, say they are.
10:00
Are in China and they are speaking Chinese and you're in the United States and you're speaking English, well, the operating system would be the translator that knows both Chinese and English and is really helping you guys talk. And that's basically what's happening with the operating system, the operating system and translating your languages, typing or moving the mouse or whatever into the actual computer's language. So an operating system is a software that manages the computer's hardware.
10:26
Of course, the hardware must provide Felicitas mechanisms to ascertain the correct operation of the computer system and to obviate a user program for interfering with the Felicitas operation of the system. So what this basically means is that the operating system is basically in complete control of the computer hardware and it really takes the user's commands and makes the computer do that and also make sure that the computer does not stray off and do something it is not supposed to do.
10:57
So OK, so these are the functions of the operating system and operating systems must perform three main functions for them to be qualified as good operating systems and operating systems itself to the first is convenient. An operating system should make the user hardware interface interface easier. It should not be so difficult to the point where it's easier to just code and tell the computer what to do than to move the mouse that is unacceptable and then
11:22
does not qualify as an operating system if that is necessary. Number two is efficiency and OS allows a very, very efficient distribution of computer resources efficiently that the computer is not wasting any energy where it does not need to be wasted. And this is very, very critical in operating system actual software, because obviously it's not good if your computer dies after two minutes because it is not distributing its resources properly.
11:48
And the third is the ability to improve and be modified. This is really computer update and operating systems should be made so that it can be updated and modified without interfering the main juristic customers. So think about Mac OS or Windows it really like a new thing comes out, a particularly Mac OS. Mac OS is probably one of the easiest operating systems to update. Think about it just tells you that let's just say Mac os Catalina from across Mojave. It says Mackiewicz Catalina available.
12:14
It takes you about maybe 10, 20 minutes to update. And then while you can use your programs as usual and it should not have deleted anything either that is incredibly important and incredibly critical for an operating system to function. OK, so moving on, there is I oh, system manager, that is input output system, system management to the module that keeps track of the status of contrivances is called the input output traffic controller.
12:41
Each input output Countryman's has an contrabands handler that resides in a separate project associate associated with what that contravenes. So basically what this is saying is that of course a computer reads things as binary input output, one zero off on. And for this, there has to be a system manager that really controls the traffic, make sure the computer does not overheat or for more processes than it really needs to, as the actual person does their thing and types or moves
13:11
the mouse or whatever that really needs to do. So the input output subsystem consists of a recollection management component that includes buffering, caching and spooling, a general device driver interface drivers or concrete hardware contrivances. And then there's an assembly. The input to an assembler is an assembly language program. The output is an object program, plus information that enables the loader to prepare the object program for execution.
13:39
At one time, the computer programmer had at his disposal a rudimental machine interpreted through hardware certain fundamental or dictations. He would program this computer by indicting a series of ones and zeros, which is machine language, and placing them into the recollection of the machine. So what it really means is that the user interface has gotten a lot better over time. At one point, the computer program pretty much literally had to type ones and zeros to tell a computer what to do.
14:08
But as these open systems world around, they made the interface so much easier, so much faster and so much overall more convenient. And that is the major, major benefit of operating systems. And this is why they are so critical in today's life. To the main types of operating systems are Bache Operating Systems, which is a operating system, runs a series of programs in a computer, programs such as when you open a Web browser such as Google Chrome,
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your operating system opened a series of digital files, which are basically the individual pieces of chrome without your manual approval, as long as you just approved Google Chrome to open by clicking it. So what you if you do not know Odilo files are they are really just the critical pieces of any file, any DMV file, any file that you download on your computer. Those are the individual components. So like one dialo file might be the search
15:04
bar, one might be a logo, one might be your history, etc. etc. etc. The other operating system is a timesharing operating system. This really allows many users to use a computer on seemingly separate accounts, but are actually the same. This has the max utilization of the resources to think about this as a school computer. If you have ever been to a school or even a university and just one of those computers, you know that they are all on one major hard drive,
15:31
but they are separate accounts for each university or each school student. And this is incredibly useful for the computer so that it does not have to open a separate hard drive or separate software. Each time a student or a faculty member opens a different account. So the other kind is a distributed operating system. This makes it groups of computers. The same for a user to think about this as a one person using one computer, but he has a lot of more of PCs and monitors and all that.
16:02
It really makes all of these computers into one main operating system. The other kind is a network operating system, a group of computer run as one via a network. It is generally utilized for security and this is often used in security OS, but it can also just be for businesses or enterprises or educational facilities to promote easier and more convenient usage. This is the other operating system that can also very commonly be used in those universities and schools on their computers.
16:30
So they do not waste any resources on their computers that they do not have to waste. So examples of operating systems and their usage are Windows, which is a Dubai based PC, Jianyu or Linux, which is personal workstations, ISP is a file and print server and a three tier client or server. And there's Mac OS, which is Macintosh and the used for Apple's personal computers and workstations, which is, of course, the MacBook Pro, the MacBook Air.
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All Mac books are the iMac and Mac Drive, which are this portable Mac. So you can really put in any monitor to get your Mac computer to start working without actually buying a complete MacBook or a complete iMac or something like that. And then there's Android, which is of course, the Google owned OS used on smartwatches, smartphones and tablets and much more, actually, if you do ever search Google catalog. And then last but certainly not least,
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Iowa, which is Apple's iPhone, iPad and iPod Touch. So every computer must have an operating system to run other programs, the operating system coordinates the utilization of the hardware among its system programs and application programs for some drug users. It simply provides an environment within which other programs can do subsidiary work. The operating system is a set of special programs that run on a computer system that sanctions it to work felicitously.
17:53
It performs rudimental tasks, so just receiving input from the keyboard, keeping track of files and directories on the disk, sending output to the exhibit screen and controlling peripheral contrivances. So if you do not get this in energy, what it means is that an operating system takes the input from a user. Doesn't translating like that person would do in that example where you are talking to someone who doesn't know your language and gives it to the keyboard in its binary
18:20
language, all computers to this day still run on zeros and ones which are binary. But there have been more complex systems in which finally users can actually type something in a translator, which is the operating system will tell the computer what to do. And OS is designed to accommodate two fundamental purposes. It controls the allocation and utilization of the computing system's resources among the central utilities and tasks.
18:47
And two, it provides an interface between the computer hardware and the programmer. And that simplifies and makes feasible for coding and gender and debugging of application programs, which is very, very important. Operating systems can fix problems without you even knowing. You'd be surprised how many times an operating system actually clears a problem without your approval or even you noticing. And that is incredibly important. Back in the day where a computer
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programmer had to telecom or a computer programmer had to tell a computer what to do using zeros and ones not only could take hours, not only would it take days, not only would it take weeks, but it could take months, years and in rare cases, even years to just solve a simple bug. And this is why operating systems are so useful and so efficient, and it really controls the computer and makes it so much better than it could be without operating systems. OK, that is where we're going.
19:48
And in the introduction to operating systems, so please do check out my other videos on programming languages and other and more stuff. And of course, please do subscribe and like the video to keep us going. And if you do have any questions, I'm always open for questions in the comment section and the discussion tab on my channel page. Thank you, guys. All my viewers, all the guys who like my videos and especially all the people who are subscribed. Thank you so much.
20:17
And I hope you keep staying with me and keep watching my videos. Thank you so much. See you in the next lesson.
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