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Oh
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hi welcome to this video module on plate boundaries my name is illness mahadji and from the University of Tuebingen in Germany today we are going to talk about plate boundaries and why they are so cool a lot of stuff happen on plate boundaries and today we are going to discover what happened but be sure we do that I want to ask your question here is a piece of rock if I think this piece of rock to you how would you go about finding out what type of rock is it
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well as a geologist we always observe and try to find what it is on the rock so here I think you look at the rock I look for crystal and here there's no crystal that's visible to my eye then I feel it very grainy even some of the grains come off and I look more carefully and I see some layers here using all of these informations I would say that it belongs to the category of sedimentary rocks and I know that because sedimentary rocks generally have structures like layering in them and you
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will need middle shows crystals like igneous or metamorphic rocks now these rocks acting is a sandstone so what I just did was to observe what's on the rock there is a scrub my observation then I'll classify them to figure out what type of rock this is a sedimentary rocks that's the classification and more specifically this is a sandstone now can you think of situations where you have to observe describe and classify things well take a few minutes and discuss it
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among yourself and we'll come back to see how you did
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you
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welcome back how do you do it where you're able to think of some examples of where your curve described and classified things well you might wonder why I'm asking you to think about these three things observe describe and classify United's three space that scientists do with scientific data or scientific information they try to observe then describe in terms of Asians and then based on the descriptions of the observations classified scientific information a lot
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of discoveries in science have included these three steps now today we are going to be the scientist you are going to observe describe and classify scientific information related to place boundaries now you may ask what are plate boundaries the Earth's outer layer the crust of the earth is broken into place these are called tectonic plates they're in place come into contact with each other we have plate boundaries now these place boundaries are really interesting
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because many cool things actually happens near or on the plate boundaries today we are going to discover what's going to happen on the three boundaries and you will do that by observing describing and classifying scientific information now in a minute your teacher is going to break you into groups and each thing is going to have one scientific expertise associated with it we have four groups the seismology group the Volcanology group this group of geographers and a group of to your
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chronology now you will get a match in your group this map for instance is the map that shows the distribution of earthquakes globally so the seismology green or the earthquake group who get a map like this similarly the Volcanology group will get an athlete's fist now this map shows the distribution of volcanoes globally now let's take a look at what is your chronology could get they get a very colorful map like this and this map shows the age of seafloor in millions of years
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how cool that it and lastly the geography group will get a map like this this map shows the distribution of photography globally now you're going to get into your group and take a look at the map that you have for instance two geographers are going to observe what they see on the geography map remember you're only making observations and to do that take a look at the little and there are some informations written on the side of the map it will help you to be able to observe things better
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similarly with the other map make sure that you look at religion and that that you understand what each map really shows now you will also get a map like this this is your plate boundary map it shows you the locations of plate boundaries these are the solid black lines are shown here now if you have your scientific map for instance the earthquake map I want you to pay special attention to the behavior of your scientific information for instance the distribution of earthquakes near or a
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state boundaries and you will be locally for the entire map for instance if you look at the plate boundary here that's right in the middle of the Atlantic Ocean what kind of earthquakes do you see there you see shallow earthquakes beauty PCT earthquakes make observations of your scientific data near or at plate boundary and we'll come back to see how you did
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you
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welcome back now that we've had a chance of look what is happening on your map is trying to describe your operation and classify them when you try to describe your reservation you can use the boards such as narrow or wide active or inactive symmetric or not symmetric valley or rich to describe your scientific data now give you an example let's take a look at the earthquake map this is the map that shows the distribution of earthquakes globally different colors here are used to
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represent earthquakes of different depths so shallow earthquakes are shown in certain colors deep or intermediate earthquakes are shown all in different colors now grab your tray boundary map and take a look at your scientific data for instance the distribution of earthquakes globally at or near plate boundaries for instance do you see deep earthquakes associated with certain plate boundaries on this map or do you see shadows quit associated with certain boundaries then what should you after
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describing your data you're going to classify your data you will use a classification like this we are going to classify the information into spewed into five different categories type 1 type 2 type 3 type 4 and type 5 now for instance the type 1 category for your plate boundary using the earthquake map would be all the plate boundaries that are associated with deep earthquakes you assign a color to that boundary and you'll each enter your plate boundary map and color all the boundary that fits
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the description of your type horn plate boundary so if your type 1 is for deep earthquakes where you see deep earthquakes in your quest map then we can see your plate boundary map use the color pencils and color those boundaries where you see deep earthquakes you will do the same thing for type 2 type 3 type 4 and applied so just to wrap it up really quickly in the previous section you observe your scientific data now your what you're doing if you're describing
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what you've seen the describing part is your description for each type of plate boundary then you're classifying the description into five different types at the end you will end up with your plate boundary map hopefully colors everywhere along the boundary now hold onto these maps because we're going to return to it for the part 2 of this lesson good luck
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you
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welcome back this is the part 2 of a plate boundary lesson so in this part of the lesson your teacher is going to give you a plate name and based on that trace means you're going to break into groups now these are different groups than what you had before the difference is that instead of having all the earth square scientists or seismologists in one group or similarly volcanologist in one group we are going to grab one person from each group and put them into a new group
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in other words every group that we form based on the state name that we've been given contains 1 seismologist 1 volcanologist 1 geographer and 1 geochronology once you get into your group remember that each one of you is an expert in one type of scientific data for instance the seismologists know the distribution of earthquakes around the world know that the volcanologist that you are prefers or the geochronology know very little to almost nothing about the distribution of earthquakes globally
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because they didn't take a new class features quiz maps so your job as a seismologist is to keep them a brief description of your scientific data globally you can use the map that you have from the previous activity talk about the distribution of earthquakes around the world you can even show them the three boundary types that you have come up with and your colors map that shows the locations of different ways boundary type once you have done that allow everyone else in the group to talk
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about their scientific data as well volcanologist will do the same thing your chronologist will also talk about the distribution of the age of your seafloor around the world similarly geographers will talk about the distribution of elevation of topography around the world once you are all familiar with all four different types of scientific Asia what you're going to do - zooming on your plate first take a look at your plate boundary map finding the location of your clip the name of
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the plates are written on this map is very easy for you to figure out where your place is then you catch the edges of your plate these are all the boundaries around your place I'll give you an example but you can see here's the African click the boundaries that you are interested in are everything that is around Africa these are all the plate boundaries associated with your plate group now what you are going to zoom in and focus on is the distribution of scientific data on your plate
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returning to their Africa flakes you can look at the distribution of earthquakes you can take a look at the distribution of volcanoes you can take into cash to poverty associated with the boundaries of your African plate and also the age of the seafloor now all groups will do this with a plate boundary map now just for the previous segment of this video what you're doing in this segment is to observe only right so you look at its distribution of scientific data and you
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observe opportunities pass the boundaries of your assigned plate give you the goals and we'll come back to see how you did
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you
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welcome back how did you do I hope every person or every special scientist in your group got a chance to talk about their scientific data associated with the plate group now what you're going to do is to describe and classify your scientific information for the assigned place we're going to come up with a new classification scheme for the plate boundaries associated with your case you're going to come up with four different types of plate boundaries and you can call them type a Type B type C
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and type C and just like the previous activity you can assign different colors which type now you want to make sure that you include a very good description for each type you're going for instance to take a look at the distribution of earthquakes associated with with one part of your plate boundary and then use the same part of the plate boundary and look at the distribution of volcanoes how does the topography on that part of the plate boundaries how's the age of
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the ocean floor associated with the same part of the plate boundary now you will do this for the entire plate boundaries associated with your plate now give you an example for instance your type 8 plate boundary could have a description that includes something like this it's associated with these earthquakes high elevation perhaps some volcanoes and young age for the ocean floor that would be the description for type a and you will do the same thing for type B type C
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and type t remember you are not doing this for the entire globe you're only focusing on your plate name and on the boundaries associated with your plate so to finish this activity then you will grab your map you will put your classification scheme in the back of the map something similar to this this would be the legend of your map and then we return to the map use the same legend and the color and color the trace boundaries associated with your shape based on the classification
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that you've given now go ahead and do this and I'll come back to see how you did one last thing please select the spokesperson for your group this person look in a one to two minute presentation to the rest of the class about the boundaries associated with your place and the distribution of all scientific data associated with that cape
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you
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welcome back how did your presentation go I hope you are able to give a good tour of your place now in the next part your teacher is going to give you a handout your handout is going to have a couple of terms on it that you may not be familiar with but don't worry about them because you will learn about them very shortly there are three different types of plate boundaries convergent divergent and transform now you notice that I put two types for convergent the third mode
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is called convergent subducting the other one is called convergent continent-continent again don't worry about this name too much what you need to pay attention to is the description for each click boundary type you are familiar with this description because you've already done that for your place so let's take a look at the convergent subducting plate boundary now if you look at all scientific map associated with this type of plate boundary you will notice that conversion subducting
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plates are associated with volcanoes parallel to the plate boundaries there are often associated with shallow earthquakes on both sides of the plate boundary you like to eat earthquakes only on one side and height apocrypha high mountain you will also see young people associated with this type of plate boundaries now in your handout you will also see descriptions for convergent continent-continent divergent and transform now we need descriptions very carefully then return to your place
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boundary map can you look at your plate luminous and you're going to look at the description and try to find out what type of plate boundaries is associated with your plate does the description of your face fit what is written here for converging subducting or perhaps for convergence continent-continent or maybe divergence or transform or combination of all so take a minute do this and we'll come back to see how you did
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you
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welcome back I hope you are able to discover what type of plate boundaries are associated with your place for the convergent-divergent transform or combination of these now let's take a look at each plate boundary types let's start with convergent plate boundary canoodle a boundary is where case boundaries are actually coming into contact and your collided so you have one place and another place coming together there are the same density and then they collide they will form
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topography or high mountains now if there is a difference in density between these two plates for instance if you instead of having two continents or two continental plates coming together we have one continental plates and one oceanic plate to up different densities the oceanic plate is heavier than the continental plate so when they cry instead of building mountains the heavier place is going to subduct or sink underneath the other plate in this case the oceanic plate comes up
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tucked under the continental plate now this is demonstrated here as two plates come together if you have one oceanic plates and one continental plates the oceanic plates will tucked up underneath the continental plate subducting convergent plate boundary now the other plate boundaries that was also convergent was called continents continents convergent well we just talked about that these are waves when two continents come together and they form mountains the next pair of plate
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boundaries is divergent plate boundary in divergent plate boundaries two plates are diverging from each other this means that are moving away from each other and lastly the third type of plate boundary is called transform plate boundary you will see a diagram of it here in this type of plate boundaries the two plates are moving past one another so instead of converging or diverging they're moving past one another as you have discovered each family type is associated with particular of their
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level phenomena in convergent plate boundaries where there is continent continent or subducting plate boundaries we see earthquakes with the shallow earthquakes we also see intermediate to deep earthquakes we also see volcanoes at these boundaries particularly at subducting convergent plate boundaries at these boundaries we also build mountains so we have high philosophy associated with them the age of the ocean floor is young at the boundary now as I go to say boundaries we all see
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earthquakes but we see generally shallow earthquakes at the boundaries we see some volcanoes we also noticed that the age of the ocean floor is very young this is in fact where the new oceanic crust is being formed in terms of topography we seen flood elevation a divergent plate boundaries a transform plate boundaries we see earthquakes but because this place moves past one another neither topography nor new ocean crust are being produced today we discovered different types of plate boundaries
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observing describing and classifying scientific information scientists also learned about different types of plate boundaries by the same types of data that you looked at today it was the distribution of earthquakes volcanoes topography and most importantly the age of the ocean floor that listens the discovery of plate boundaries you learned about three different types of plate boundaries convergent divergent and transform and look at different observable phenomena associated with
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each boundary type now before we end this lesson I want you to take a look at your plate boundary map and locate where you are on this map can you tell what plate boundaries are associated with the place that is nearest to where you are you can also use our experiences such as have you ever felt an earthquake where you need the usual volcanoes in relief do you have large mountains near where you are use this information to find out what types of plate boundaries are
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nearest to you I hope you enjoyed this lesson and thank you for your attention goodbye
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you hi thanks for checking out this video my name is Paul Hoffman hogr and I'm from the University of convenience in Germany now this lets them focus on plate boundaries your students don't need to know anything about plate boundaries because the main purpose of this lesson is for your students to observe describe and classify scientific information and by doing that they are going to discover what plate boundaries are it would be used to for your students to be familiar
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with the terms such as earthquakes volcanoes topography and your chronology particularly the last one what students don't know what it is to make sure you take a few minutes to describe what geochronology is and what is your chronologist do for these lessons all you need are different types of maps what I usually recommend is to print out these maps in large format and place them in four different parts of the classroom for instance you can place the earthquake map at one corner of the
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classroom the volcano map at another corner the topography or elevation map at another and in the geochronology map that want another corner this way students can spread and different groups can gather around a map to take a look at it this will also mean that you will only print four large map one more thing that your students are going to need is a plate boundary map make sure that you print out two plate boundary maps per student even though your students are
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going to work in groups each one of them is going to have their own plate boundary map they're going to put their classification or plate boundary types behind them up and use colored pencils to color this remembering that at the end of each day for each activity you may like to collect these maps and take a look at them to see how your students have done and give them some feedback we're also suggesting you is to avoid using scientific terminologies associated his plate boundary types such
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as divergence convergence and transform boundary type you can use these terms at the very end of when your students are had plenty of time to look at different types of plate boundaries and discover them on their own in the third activity they're going to break your students into four different groups each group is going to be given a map for instance group one is going to focus on the distribution of elevation globally that would be your geography map you're going to is going
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to look at the distribution of earthquakes around the globe that will be your earthquake or seismology map the gluten-free going to focus on the distribution of volcanoes around the world this will be your Volcanology group you're going to click the double chronology map it will look like this and if your last group is going to focus on the edge of the ocean floor this will be your geochronology map as part of the search activity each group is only going to look at their own map for instance
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the geography group does not know much about the distribution of volcanoes earthquakes for the age of the ocean floor they only focus on the geography map the inquiry your students when first time they take a look at their maps to look at the legend and make sure that they understand what the legend says encourage them to observe what is happening on their map without describing them I suggest that is the teacher you walk around going from one group to another making sure that the
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students are talking and that they are observing if you notice that they're confused about something you can help them by asking questions or guiding them in the right direction when students are only observing their math it's important that they look at their scientific data or information globally join us focus on one particular region in the world but they are looking at the entire person now what student have had softer claps if I can describe their data globally you're going to help them
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focus a narrow down their acceleration from one place why do you do this is to keep each proof in name of a trait you can choose the name of the place for each group or you can have your students select the place then your students are going to take a look at all different types of data associated with that one plate in the activity where students from different groups are coming together to form new groups and they are giving a place name to zoom in and focus
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on it's very important that you keep students enough times to talk about their film data and what they have observed on their own map to the rest of the students in your group one way to do that is to have students from different groups gather around one map so we have seismologist volcanologist chu chronologist and geographers gather around for instance the earthquake map in this case the seismology this is the person who's familiar with the earthquakes it's going to keep everybody
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else in the group a brief presentation of what they have found out as technologists looking at this map then this group can move to the next map for instance this could be double chronology map then the person from the Volcanology group is going to need a presentation to the rest of the group about what they have found out on their volcano map similarly for the remaining map students who do the same when your students are coming with different classification schemes or there's a family type make
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sure that they have access to colored pencils and you can lock the freedom in terms of what color they want to choose or what symbols are going to use to differentiate each boundary type at the very end of the lesson this is the time for you to interview scientific terminology for plate boundary types as you can see behind me we chose to draw these boundary types on the blackboard if you have an image or slide that shows these plate boundary types in better
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ways feel free to use those explain each boundary type and the observable phenomena associated with it what I should only recommend for this lesson is to give this lesson over 350 minute periods it could be done in one day for three different days display to give students a lot of time to take a look at what they see on the map to digest the information and to be able to use that information to come up with classification schemes these also allow your students to practice the
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presentation skills by preparing a one to two minute presentation about their asleep and retype I think that's all if you have any questions or if you're unsure about something please feel free to contact us or check the resources listed on the information page for this video I hope you enjoyed this lesson thank you and goodbye
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you
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