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0:01
Hola, como están? bien, o mal? mal?! ah, ay pues qué mal! ni modo. There's nothing I can do. No hay nada que pueda hacer. Well, I know there's something I can do. I can teach you Spanish So you get in a good mood the boys enseñar español para que topanga's the boy in the world si casi
0:22
en la clase de hoy in today's class We're going to review a topic related To tenses, we're going to talk about the present tense in Spanish How do we use the present tense? When do we use it in what cases do we use the present tense? Use in in Spanish. It's a little bit different than English, but sometimes it gets on the similar paths So we're going to see that we're going to I'm going to show you 9 I know I have 8 here but
0:57
when I when we get to 8 then I'm going to erase some part and I'm gonna teach you the knife because the ninth is Quite small, so I didn't I didn't think I needed more space for that. So I'm going to teach you preklad zs glowackeho 9 cases in which you're going to use the present tense?
1:14
Correctly in Spanish now. I know I always tell you Oh, well, you know the present tense is not so important Maybe you want to focus more on the past tense or in the future tense, because when we talk we tend to talk about past situations and future plans, but
1:33
The percentage in Spanish can actually achieve a lot of those instances the past and the future as we will see
1:41
Let's start see for example the sentence that I was taught when I was young and I was 13 and I was in secondary school and my biology teachers say youre a dumbass all living things So said is b-boss all living things all living beings Thanks, I think word endings Grow, no are all living things
2:09
burn I know is incorrect in English because you have learn Grow Reproduce themselves and die So we're talking I'm initiating from the present tense, but I'm going to the past When they burned what they are burn nasan grow Cressen reproduce themselves cells reproducing and I a Morning in All those instances I'm using the present tense and I selected this sentence because I want to show you that with the person test you can actually talk about
2:56
The past the present and the future, so let's start with that Los zetas, Bebo's not synced essences are produced any morning and now the first case in which we use the present It's actually really interesting one in Spanish for example The person will wear that when the present represents what it's happening in The period of time when you're talking, right, which is a strange because well, I'm if you ask me for example What are you doing? I say or I'm teaching
3:31
And the Spaniels you could say I teach Like I'm teaching so it's happening right now But I started teaching earlier and I'm going to finish teaching later. So It's not so specific, right? it's the present but you can say you're insane you like I teaching or I'm Really your level or I walk. Yo camino Leo camino. Carro, Ron cacino cook Borrow sweep and All those present tense verbs all those actions that are happening When you are initiating the verb, but for this
4:15
specific case in Spanish we use
4:19
a slightly different form in practical real-life situations most Spanish native speakers la mayoría most would say I am reading
4:33
Estoy leyenda. I am buying
4:38
Something I am cooking something So you'll be saying the verb to be with a estar Y with the estar because it's a temporary thing I'm doing it right now. I won't be doing it later. I didn't do it earlier So you're going to say a estar like yo estoy tú estás él y ella están Nosotros estamos ustedes están and gerundio, the gerand which is to add this ending (ando) and this ending (iendo) Depending on the verb. So for example the verse at end with a (ar)caminar cocinar to cook
5:20
cantar to sing mmm let's say almorzar all those verbs that end with (ar) are going to we have to drop out there (ar) and add (ando) and the verbs that end with (er) or (ir) correr, vivir salir comer etc,. are going to stand with (iendo) adding that is as if you making I go I am going That's what you're doing so you're not saying you say
5:56
Camino (caminando)
6:01
Sorry San Miguel Miramon como siempre with drop man I get too excited emotional mucho and say yeah So you're going to drop the ending and you're going to add the gerundio with this? gerund You are going to say what's happening right now and native speakers you send more because for something that you are doing at the time when you're Saying the sentence he makes sense to be more specific Right now I am teaching but you can say I teach and send you Oh, what are you doing? I
6:43
Buy some tortillas what most speakers would say? I am buying tortillas I am buying tortillas for ejemplo mi hermana me llama Hey Ana, ¿Qué estás haciendo? Ah, estoy comprando tortillas. I am buying tortillas, estoy Comprendo tortillas because that's the thing. I'm doing at that moment So this is the first case in which we are going to use the present But to make it more specific if you want to make it more specific it's doing you're doing that right now
7:19
Then you want to use this fórmula (estar+ gerundio). I already told you how to build it ¿muy bién? el egundo caso es
7:33
when you talk about well, first of all when you talk about things that you Do like habits like things that don't change what you do?
7:48
So for example when you say I work at For example, I work at the tortillería. That's where they sell tortillas So I say I worked at the tortillería, but maybe you work at an office So you can say I work at an office? You're going to use the present tense the present simple indicativo tense. Yo trabajo yo trabajo, el presente
8:16
trabajo en la tortillería I put (la) y (el) por que depende en la oficina pero yo prasada in the medical and in the doctor's office looks like consultorio Consultorio ends with o and most ends with (O) are masculine. So you say an el consultorio Pero yo trabajo en la tortillería o yo trabajo en la oficina o yo trabajo en
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Una escuela, etc You're going to use presente trabajo tú trabajas en la oficina Yo trabajo en la tortillería. when they are things that are habit
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Daily that you do and
9:05
also when there are things that are more general like
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universal things, you know, for example When I said all living things roll dial that's a universal general statement but if you want to say for example the earth Goes around the Sun
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Well, it's nothing that you're just making up It's a true. So those when you're gonna say a true a truth They're going to say el La tierra el Sol gira alrededor No. La tierra gira Alrededor del sol la tierra aquí está la tierra aquí está el sol, aquí está la tierra lo está girando 2 this's la tierra gira alrededor del Sol that's a universal truth so you have to say with the present so
10:07
Your universal through this you work at an office. Your universal truth is
10:14
You eat me Yo como carne. Oh, you don't eat me yo no como carne you're stating something general Universal and The fact that the earth goes around the Sun and truths like that probably, you know more truths that I do The one that I came that I thought of when I was doing this lesson was that estaba pensando hoy ¿Qué ejemplo le voy a dar mis alumnos? ¿Cuál Example am I going to teach my students? And I said oh You know the sun and the earth and all that because that's our universal truth
10:52
now with expressing Spanish tense you can also say things that you do
10:58
Daily or that our habits that you have, por ejemplo: yo Yo I Buy tortillas once a week. Yo compro tortillas Una vez a la semana I even write tortillas because I thought you could write it in your exercise No, but because you can say yo compro a jugos o frutas diario yo compro a postres and la tienda Tal like that store you can do whatever like whatever you buy you can put it here because it's a habit you have My habit is I buy tortillas once a week compro
11:47
Tortillas una vez a la semana and the reason I didn't put yo is because as you know, the verb already has the job simplicity yo compro tortillas una vez a la semana o compro tortillas una vez a la semana when I say compro, you know, its job
12:05
If I say tú compras I can say compras tortillas una vez a la semana, por ejemplo: mi hermana va al gimnasio tres veces a la semana. My sister goes to the gym three times a week
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Mi hermana va goes to the gym al gim nasio Una tres veces a la semana three times a week now
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Now, My other sister goes to the gym Once in a while, Mi otra hermana va al gimnasio
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De vez en cuando once in a while
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but to stay those regular habits that you have to have to use the present I I Have eggs for breakfast every day. That's a habit. So then you have to use the present You don't have to say in the past or in the future. You can use you can only use the present
13:05
What I wrote here is a little bit of Adverbs of time others. So time is when you're stating the time when Does that happen? every day once a month on Wednesdays on Thursdays every weekend etc. So you think about these present tense?
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As something that is used with a regular time frame
13:32
They call it adverbs of time because they like they locate you The in some in the timeline to do it regularly In certain spots very well
13:47
This is the foil cuarto vamos al Quinto this is quite similar in that that's what I
13:54
Put it next Instead of say every Wednesday or on Wednesdays or
14:04
Twice a month think about the future You can express the future with the present. Oh, yes si si Mira, por ejemplo: Next week or next year or next month. I
14:21
Travel to Spain. Let's say viajo a España viajo a
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España you say
14:33
Next week la siguiente next week la siguiente semana Viajo a España, I'm saying next week. It's the future but I'm using the Present verb viajo, viajo! It's impressing. I'm not saying viajaré o voy a viajar Ah, I'm saying yo viajo, tú viajas, él viaja you know the conjugation for the present tense
15:03
Perfect. If you don't know then watch my video about that topic first
15:08
viajo a España La siguiente semana, la siguiente es la próxima - you can also say Proxima. It's the same thing
15:18
la siguiente o la próxima semana
15:22
El siguiente año, el siguiente año viajo a España o voy a España O el siguiente año voy a Argentina o el siguiente año voy a Perú O el siguiente año voy a México a donde quieres que vayas o el siguiente año, eh
15:43
Me suscribe a la escuela Suscribe, I subscribe to the school. I am I sign up to the school, etc So yes you can use the present to stay plans that you're going to do in the future and you don't have to use the The future tense of the verb now if you really want to use the future tense of a verb remember that I taught you a very easy way to express a Future tense of the of the verb. So for example, you can say
16:18
You have to learn the present tense of the verb to go
16:24
The present nothing else just the present: yo voy
16:31
tú vas Él va this is an (S), es una (s) yah él va, ella va, usted va
16:43
Nosotros vamos
16:47
ustedes van y ellos van, vamos y van vais, whatever. I'm gonna teach you guys because most Spanish speakers on used a vosotros
16:59
Voy,tú vas+ (a) la proposición (a) and
17:06
the verb in infinitive voy a viajar
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Right? voy a La letra ugly writing that's better voy a viajar, vas a viajar, vamos a viajar, sí el próximo año, vamos a viajar a Perú. Sí vamos todos
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You can use you can Make the future like that for every verb. That's great And on the way, you'll learn the press enough to go which is HUGE HUGE If you know the present enough to go like I yo voy, tú vas. Well you already have it because a lot of people like So on the way to build the future
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you are going to Memorize this which is more importantly more importantly Now you say no no No, I want to use the present to state the future plans. Then you use the present of whatever
18:15
Infinitive. I remember infinitivo is with in AR, er and ir the three conjugations Very well. So for, por ejemplo the last example for this My friend Gargana who is in Berlin. She always tells me cuando vienes When are you coming to visit me to see me cuando vienes a verme and she's using a present tense, even though it's a time like it's not Present what I'm gonna do will be the future. She's stating it in the present tense and that's a regular way to say it
18:54
She said when are you coming, cuándo vienes? you can ask when you ask someone you say ¿cuándo vienes? ¿A qué hora comes? what time do you eat? ¿A qué hora te veo? What time do I see you? So for example, Gargana ask me "¿cuándo vienes?"
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and I say voy a verte o voy a visitarte, (te) because is a Gargana my friend, voy a Visitarte, voy a verte. I say in the present the main verb is in persent
19:32
voy a verte, voy a visitarte after the others are in infinitive with the person one talking to But very important the question when are you coming? You remember I told you that you can say (estoy leyendo) It's like I'm reading But when you say (when are you coming?)that way in English It's incorrect in Spanish. You cannot say cuándo estás viniendo? When are you coming, cuándo estás viniendo? We asked when do you come or when you come?
20:10
¿Cuándo vienes?, as I said in another video my friend Rubén who is a musician He always asked what are you doing tomorrow? Which would be ¿qué estás haciendo?
20:25
Mañana, like the gerund qué estás, el verbo "estar" haciendo. What are you doing tomorrow?
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Rubén should ask:qué haces mañana in present qué haces o qué vas a hacer because it's the future o qué vas a hacer But he cannot ask
20:50
What are you doing tomorrow, qué estás haciendo mañana? this gerund can Only be used for things that are currently happening You're doing it the person who speaks is doing that action when you are using it for a future you have to use only the Present ¿qué haces mañana? or the future ¿qué vas a hacer mañana? It's common that when you ask the question you ask in present ¿cuándo vienes? ¿A qué hora sales?o what time you come in , what time you finish? ¿A qué hora terminas? what time do you finish?
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O ¿A qué hora vas al pan? or what time you go and buy the bread
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That's a good saying in Spanish ¿A qué hora sales al pan? That's what guys ask women to say like, oh, I'll go and run into you then it's kind of flirty colors a little panacea a las seis and then at 6:10 you You run into this person It's romantic Very well, so cuándo vienes, oh, you can ask I what time do you take a shower?, ¿A qué hora te bañas? What time you take a shower?, ¿A qué hora te bañas? Yeah, so you're using the present
22:10
How do you think about it? It's very similar to this part. Right? It's just a habit it happens , ¿A qué hora te bañas? but if you have a normal question occurred a vienes a qué hora sales? You kind of using the present, but you're not you're using the present But obviously you you are using it to know the future action now, let's go to the seventh, la siete
22:38
Las siete is when you it's a condition I Call, we call it a condition present ring because you always expressed a condition. Something is going to happen if...
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If, the big word is (if), and an (if) in spanish is
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si But not (si) with an accent mark si (Sí) with accent mark like this here. See it's yes well with that accent mark as If right? For example, if you want to give a condition to your friend si quieres
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Darle una condición Tu amigo o tu vecino o quien sea to whoever you can say if you go I go If you don't go, I don't go then so you're saying: si vas, voy, pues decir si tu vas,
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yo voy but because the verb is all The person is always embedded in the verb
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Ending So you don't have to say it. But if you prefer to say then just say it Si vas, voy. if you go, I go
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For example, I always tell my friend Rita
24:06
Rita doesn't like to cook so Whenever I tell her if you come, I cook. It's like a like a condition That is good for her say welcome. I'll cook. Don't worry. Si vienes
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presente Si tú vienes o si vienes, yo cocino Si vienes, cocino Si no vienes if you don't comment that we see each other somewhere else and why won't cook so it's when you're giving Conditions to people if you say If
24:41
if you come, I Cook. if you come We go to the pool, etc that's The condition present, right? you express our condition you use the person? And it is quite practical because think about it. Sometimes you get a headache with
25:02
Spanish verbs. Oh it's so difficult. But here I'm teaching your formula say if present of the verb, presente indicativo simple comma I
25:15
tal tal tal and Presente the nuevo, again. So it's quite handy. It's very useful. And I think you'll brother. You said you'll learn it. Well ah the eighth the second leg: when Churchill dies in 1965. yes,that's the historical present is when we take a past The event event and we bring it to the present with the verb For example, I say Churchill muere
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But really what I'm saying is "murió" died
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murió Churchill murió, but I'm saying muere Yes, we find this present very often in biographies like at the end of the book where they try to bring the past event to the tense, I think that is because psychologically
26:15
You are getting closer to that event so it makes sense like you are Kind of witnessing the event it gets more familiar It doesn't it's not past anymore something like that, but maybe I'm becoming too philosophical You know, sometimes I take the mountain and become philosophical so yes The historical present is one day in the books in biographies. They use a present verb instead of past for example when they say Cristobal Colón descubre América like discovers
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Do tend to say to read it in present, but it is covered Nobody is doubting that it's not a present thing. It's just I guess the writer is trying to approach the reader to that event now another biography use
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From this present is when you give a resume in Spanish
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You talk about you in third person
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Like oh I'm really really important and then sometimes you use the present tense, you know Artists tend to do it a lot. I wonder why
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You say Fulanito de tal, Fulanito, you know, why fulanito de tal es how I told you fulanito Fulanito o sutanito write in Spanish, sutanito in the radio in the popular culture are the names of
27:48
Nobody that you wanna give an example of nobody like a fulanito said this like fulanitao is nobody. It's just the name of nobody and sutanito too. so when you were fulanito y sutanito it's very useful when I teach a Spanish my Students already know fulanito and sutanito we can give it a face anyway, what I was saying is artists in the resumes tend to use that
28:15
historical Present a lot. Mucho why I don't know
28:21
maybe because it It gives some weight to the presence the importance so for example if I were an artist, so if I were like in my rest of my say Anna nace en
28:34
Mexico en mil novecientos
28:39
Tal tal tal Crece, estudias studies in
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1987 in the school lalala, she graduates and then she Starts and everything is in present. I hate like everything is in present yeah, it is to make it I think more interesting that put in the past it brings it closer right if you go we're going To hire me like. Oh, yeah. Yeah She has done so many things not so long ago turns out at the end he says in 1951, right, but it doesn't matter it gets you closer and Speaking of get you closer. I have another example for
29:21
Ya that I almost forgot haha, I almost forget oh that's another example, but we're gonna go to that one next I'm so excited. There are so many good things that I had left for the end when I say Getting closer to the past
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Have you ever heard people sometimes they tell you story that happened and then use the present. Oh
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And then she opens the door. Yeah abren la puerta? And looks at me si me queda viendo
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What's happening? he says qué, qué pasa me dice que yo me quedo and I stayed like oh
30:02
Nothing, nada. Like why are you doing that face, ¿Por qué tienes esta cara?, but you have that face that
30:10
Is my face then and then she leaves Y se va Y yo me quedo, and I stay Why? ¿Qué? Why do people say this I love this part and I always use it when I tell my stories makes it more interesting It makes it as a new way. They're like abre la puerta si me queda viendo, yo me quedo ¿Qué haces aquí? No estás trabajando? ¿No? Vine a verte and You get closer to the story you're in the spectator is actually
30:45
Like I'm telling you the story, but you become the spectator and by me saying the past story in present I get you in like the suspense and all these drama that is happening even though it happens So it makes sense that the historical present gets us closer to the past past event that investment Sometimes we speak in present so to make our it's like the
31:13
Employment experience closer, etc. It makes sense. It makes sense the last one We remember if I say Oh before I forget I child. I almost forget I said I almost forget, I almost forget
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almost Forget forget
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I almost forget, casi
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golden word "Casi" now Forget because I forget I didn't forget Frodo. No, I forget to myself say Yeah, the one that makes it
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Reflexive, se me olvida
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Present I say I forgot casi se me olvidó doesn't make sense because its present I Didn't forget but I almost
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Yes when you say for example, I almost fall Casi here I could say me because "olvidarse" it's like
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You're saying I forget myself, I forget. Mm-hmm
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You can watch my video about reflexive verbs or reciprocal verbs
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Casi me caigo "caerse"
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Casi me caigo, I almost fall,Casi me caigo I almost Fall, caerse too as with in "se" so we make it
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Reflexive
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Casi oh, I always say this I almost forget my keys because I always forget the keys Because my house doesn't look Like when he when I close the door it locks. So to close it. I don't need the keys So I forget my keys all the time and I always give this example So you're a Leo and I don't have any more examples, please. Give us a break
33:24
Casi olvido
33:28
la llaves Las llaves tal tal, you know how to write "llaves" Casi olvido las llaves, I almost so when you say I almost
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After you can say the verb in present now remember if the verb ends with "se "or if it's an action that
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Then you have to say me caigo. casi me baño, I almost take a shower. Oh, I shouldn't have taking us almost take a shower, etc
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Casi I almost and then the verb in present if it's a reflexive verb then with a Reflexive pronoun. If not then just the simple verb in present
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Muy bien. I think that's all I wanted to teach you today. It's around sí I got it
34:27
Eight or nine or ten uses of that Present tense in Spanish, and this is useful because with this present you can express yourself in really many tenses in many Temporal scenes muy bien. I hope you enjoyed my lesson I will see you in my next lesson rally next week Don't forget to go to my website to sign up to get my newsletter I sent my newsletter once a month sometimes once every two months Depending the hope you see I am with other things
35:01
But what I try to do in my newsletter is to teach you more Spanish but in a different way, maybe to explore cultural parts of the language, the culture
35:12
to Explain to you something that are really difficult maybe to do in a video because they are very long so I can explain to you in detail Some topics related to Spanish. So yeah, it is a newsletter, but it's not like about me It's more about what I have that I think can help You to keep improving or keep learning Spanish muchas gracias y hasta luego
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